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In addition to affective theories relative to ******** learning, another challenge to the Audiolingual Method was under way already in the sixties in the form of the Cognitive Code and an educational trend known as "Discovery Learning." These concepts most directly challenged the idea that ******** learning was all about mimicry and good habit-formation. An emphasis on human cognition in ******** learning addressed issues such as learners being more responsible for their own learning - formulating independent hypotheses about the rules of the target ******** and testing those hypotheses by applying them and realizing errors.

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